As a momentous post-transcriptional regulator, microRNAs (miRNAs) are attracting more and more attention. The classical miRNAs regulated mechanism shows it binds to the targets’ 3’UTR thus play the role in post-transcription.
Meanwhile, single miRNA can target multiple genes, so those should compete to bind that miRNA. Vice versa, single gene can sponge mass of miRNAs as well. Thus the competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) hypothesis was put forward in 2011.
The ceRNA hypothesis has made huge achievements, in particular in non-coding genes, which including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circle RNAs (circRNAs) and pseudogenes, even viral transcripts. It also contributed greatly to epigenetics development.
However, an increasing number of controversies have occurred with applause. Based on this situation, this review introduces something in detail about the ceRNAs hypothesis achieved in lncRNAs,circRNAs, pseudogenes and viral transcripts, respectively. Meanwhile, it also covers controversy of the ceRNAs hypothesis
RNA silencing of hormonal biosynthetic genes impairs larval growth and development in cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera
The cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, is a highly polyphagous pest, causing enormous losses to various economically important crops. The identification and in vitro functional validation of target genes of a pest is a prerequisite to combat pest via host-mediated RNA interference (RNAi).
In the present study, six hormonal biosynthesis genes of H. armigera were chosen and evaluated by feeding insect larvae with dsRNAs corresponding to each target gene, viz., juvenile hormone acid methyltransferase (HaJHAMT), prothoracicotropic hormone (HaPTTH), pheromone biosynthesis-activating peptide (HaPBAP), molt regulating transcription factor (HaHR3), activated protein 4 (HaAP-4) and eclosion hormone precursor (HaEHP).
The loss of function phenotypes for these hormonal genes were observed by releasing second instar larvae on to artificial diet containing target gene-specific dsRNAs. Ingestion of dsRNAs resulted in mortality ranging from 60% to 90%, reduced larval weight, phenotypic deformities and delayed pupation. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that the target gene transcript levels were decreased drastically (31% to 77%) as compared to control or unrelated control (GFP-dsRNA), and correlated well with the mortality and developmental defects of larvae.
Also, a comparison of the silencing efficacy of un-diced long HaPTTH -dsRNAwith RNase III diced HaPTTH-dsRNA (siRNAs) revealed that long dsRNAs were more efficient in silencing the target gene. These results indicated that the hormonal biosynthesis genes have varied sensitivity towards RNAi and could be the vital targets for insect resistance in crop plants like cotton which are infested by H. armigera.
Conserved Patterns in Developmental Processes and Phases, Rather than Genes, Unite the Highly Divergent Bilateria
Bilateria are the predominant clade of animals on Earth. Despite having evolved a wide variety of body plans and developmental modes, they are characterized by common morphological traits. By default, researchers have tried to link clade-specific genes to these traits, thus distinguishing bilaterians from non-bilaterians, by their gene content.
Here we argue that it is rather biological processes that unite Bilateria and set them apart from their non-bilaterian sisters, with a less complex body morphology. To test this hypothesis, we compared proteomes of bilaterian and non-bilaterian species in an elaborate computational pipeline, aiming to search for a set of bilaterian-specific genes.
Despite the limited confidence in their bilaterian specificity, we nevertheless detected Bilateria-specific functional and developmental patterns in the sub-set of genes conserved in distantly related Bilateria. Using a novel multi-species GO-enrichment method, we determined the functional repertoire of genes that are widely conserved among Bilateria. Analyzing expression profiles in three very distantly related model species-D. melanogaster, D. rerio and C. elegans-we find characteristic peaks at comparable stages of development and a delayed onset of expression in embryos. In particular, the expression of the conserved genes appears to peak at the phylotypic stage of different bilaterian phyla.
In summary, our study illustrate how development connects distantly related Bilateria after millions of years of divergence, pointing to processes potentially separating them from non-bilaterians. We argue that evolutionary biologists should return from a purely gene-centric view of evolution and place more focus on analyzing and defining conserved developmental processes and periods.

stjosephs-hospital
The impact of cross-kingdom molecular forensics on Genetic privacy
Recent advances in metagenomic technology and computational prediction may inadvertently weaken an individual’s reasonable expectation of privacy. Through cross-kingdom genetic and metagenomic forensics, we can already predict at least a dozen human phenotypes with varying degrees of accuracy.
There is also growing potential to detect a “molecular echo” of an individual’s microbiome from cells deposited on public surfaces. At present, host genetic data from somatic or germ cells provide more reliable information than microbiome samples.
However, the emerging ability to infer personal details from different microscopic biological materials left behind on surfaces requires in-depth ethical and legal scrutiny. There is potential to identify and track individuals, along with new, surreptitious means of genetic discrimination.
This commentary underscores the need to update legal and policy frameworks for genetic privacy with additional considerations for the information that could be acquired from microbiome-derived data. The article also aims to stimulate ubiquitous discourse to ensure the protection of genetic rights and liberties in the post-genomic era. Video abstract.
MiR-340 promotes the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells by targeting von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (VHL) Gene
MiRNAs play key roles in the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). However, the roles and underlying mechanism of miRNAs in VSMCs are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of miR-340 in the proliferation of VSMCs.
The expression levels of miR-340 and von Hippel-Lindau tumor-suppressor (VHL) in VSMCs induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) -BB or fetal bovine serum (FBS) were measured by q-PCR. The effects of miR-340 and VHL on cell proliferation and invasion were evaluated by CCK-8 assay.
Target gene prediction and screening as well as luciferase reporter assay were performed to verify the downstream target genes of miR-340. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VHL.
Our results showed that the miR-340 was up-regulated in PDGF-BB_ENREF_1or FBS induced VSMCs. In addition, overexpression of miR-340 promoted VSMCs proliferation and invasion. Moreover, VHL was found to be a potential target for miR-340, and up-regulation of VHL inhibited VSMCs proliferation.
MiR-340 plays a critical role in VSMC proliferation and neointimal hyperplasia in rats carotid balloon injury model. Reduced expression levels of miR-340 promoted VHL-inhibited VSMCs proliferation. In conclusion, miR-340 may play a role in the regulation of proliferation of VSMCs by inhibition of VHL.
Human V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) ELISA Kit |
DLR-MYC-Hu-48T |
DL Develop |
48T |
EUR 498 |
|
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Human V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) in samples from tissue homogenates, cell lysates or other biological fluids. |
Human V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) ELISA Kit |
DLR-MYC-Hu-96T |
DL Develop |
96T |
EUR 647 |
|
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Human V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) in samples from tissue homogenates, cell lysates or other biological fluids. |
Mouse V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) ELISA Kit |
DLR-MYC-Mu-48T |
DL Develop |
48T |
EUR 508 |
|
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Mouse V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) in samples from tissue homogenates, cell lysates or other biological fluids. |
Mouse V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) ELISA Kit |
DLR-MYC-Mu-96T |
DL Develop |
96T |
EUR 661 |
|
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Mouse V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) in samples from tissue homogenates, cell lysates or other biological fluids. |
Rat V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) ELISA Kit |
DLR-MYC-Ra-48T |
DL Develop |
48T |
EUR 528 |
|
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Rat V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates or other biological fluids. |
Rat V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) ELISA Kit |
DLR-MYC-Ra-96T |
DL Develop |
96T |
EUR 690 |
|
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Rat V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates or other biological fluids. |
Human V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) ELISA Kit |
RDR-MYC-Hu-48Tests |
Reddot Biotech |
48 Tests |
EUR 522 |
Human V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) ELISA Kit |
RDR-MYC-Hu-96Tests |
Reddot Biotech |
96 Tests |
EUR 724 |
Mouse V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) ELISA Kit |
RDR-MYC-Mu-48Tests |
Reddot Biotech |
48 Tests |
EUR 534 |
Mouse V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) ELISA Kit |
RDR-MYC-Mu-96Tests |
Reddot Biotech |
96 Tests |
EUR 742 |
Rat V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) ELISA Kit |
RDR-MYC-Ra-48Tests |
Reddot Biotech |
48 Tests |
EUR 558 |
Rat V-Myc Myelocytomatosis Viral Oncogene Homolog (MYC) ELISA Kit |
RDR-MYC-Ra-96Tests |
Reddot Biotech |
96 Tests |
EUR 776 |
c-Myc Epitope (Myc) Antibody |
20-abx130438 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 314.00
-
EUR 759.00
-
EUR 411.00
-
EUR 154.00
-
EUR 244.00
|
-
100 ug
-
1 mg
-
200 ug
-
20 ug
-
50 ug
|
|
c-Myc Epitope (Myc) Antibody |
20-abx132269 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 439.00
-
EUR 133.00
-
EUR 1261.00
-
EUR 606.00
-
EUR 342.00
|
-
100 ug
-
10 ug
-
1 mg
-
200 ug
-
50 ug
|
|
C-myc Antibody |
48044-100ul |
SAB |
100ul |
EUR 333 |
C-myc Antibody |
48044-50ul |
SAB |
50ul |
EUR 239 |
c-MYC Antibody |
AF0358 |
Affbiotech |
200ul |
EUR 304 |
Description: MYC antibody detects endogenous levels of total MYC. |
C-myc antibody |
20R-CC001 |
Fitzgerald |
200 ug |
EUR 381 |
Description: Chicken polyclonal C-myc antibody |
c Myc antibody |
10R-8403 |
Fitzgerald |
100 ul |
EUR 393 |
Description: Mouse monoclonal c Myc antibody |
C-myc antibody |
10R-C101a |
Fitzgerald |
100 ug |
EUR 543 |
Description: Mouse monoclonal C-myc antibody |
C-myc antibody |
70-CC18 |
Fitzgerald |
100 ug |
EUR 331 |
Description: Affinity purified Chicken polyclonal C-myc antibody |
C-myc antibody |
70R-10651 |
Fitzgerald |
1 ml |
EUR 430 |
Description: Affinity purified Chicken polyclonal C-myc antibody |
c-Myc antibody |
70R-32862 |
Fitzgerald |
100 ug |
EUR 457 |
Description: Rabbit polyclonal c-Myc antibody |
C-myc antibody |
70R-CG001 |
Fitzgerald |
100 ul |
EUR 381 |
Description: Affinity purified Goat polyclonal C-myc antibody |
Human recombinant purified His-tag c-myc protein (~65 kda) control |
MYC17-C |
Alpha Diagnostics |
100 ul |
EUR 286 |
Monoclonal MYC / c-Myc Antibody (aa408-420) |
AMM02198G |
Leading Biology |
0.05mg |
EUR 484 |
Description: A Monoclonal antibody against Human MYC / c-Myc (aa408-420). The antibodies are raised in Mouse. This antibody is applicable in IHC-P, E |
Polyclonal MYC / c-Myc Antibody (aa25-74) |
APR02915G |
Leading Biology |
0.05ml |
EUR 484 |
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human MYC / c-Myc (aa25-74). This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications: |
Polyclonal MYC / c-Myc Antibody (aa386-435) |
APR02947G |
Leading Biology |
0.05ml |
EUR 484 |
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human MYC / c-Myc (aa386-435). This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications: |
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
20-abx118000 |
Abbexa |
|
|
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
abx037911-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 391 |
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
20-abx133153 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 300.00
-
EUR 439.00
-
EUR 189.00
|
|
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
20-abx133248 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 300.00
-
EUR 439.00
-
EUR 189.00
|
|
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
20-abx133250 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 300.00
-
EUR 439.00
-
EUR 189.00
|
|
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
20-abx133912 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 356.00
-
EUR 537.00
-
EUR 217.00
|
|
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
abx139766-01mg |
Abbexa |
0.1 mg |
EUR 384 |
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
20-abx137079 |
Abbexa |
|
|
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
20-abx008959 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 300.00
-
EUR 439.00
-
EUR 189.00
|
|
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
20-abx008960 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 300.00
-
EUR 439.00
-
EUR 189.00
|
|
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene (C-Myc Peptide) Antibody |
abx023934-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 314 |
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene (C-Myc Peptide) Antibody |
abx023935-01ml |
Abbexa |
0.1 ml |
EUR 314 |
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
abx018354-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 495 |
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
abx022462-02mg |
Abbexa |
0.2 mg |
EUR 523 |
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene (c-Myc Peptide) Antibody |
abx022463-02mg |
Abbexa |
0.2 mg |
EUR 509 |
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
abx413504-01mg |
Abbexa |
0.1 mg |
EUR 634 |
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
abx413821-1mg |
Abbexa |
1 mg |
EUR 829 |
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
abx413825-2mg |
Abbexa |
2 mg |
EUR 1525 |
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
abx413826-01mg |
Abbexa |
0.1 mg |
EUR 411 |
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
abx413829-20ug |
Abbexa |
20 ug |
EUR 272 |
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-MYC) Antibody |
abx231791-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 551 |
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
abx448567-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 523 |
|
Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein (c-Myc) Antibody |
abx448568-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 523 |
|
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
ES6307-100ul |
ELK Biotech |
100ul |
EUR 279 |
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against c-Myc from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, WB, ELISA |
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
ES6307-50ul |
ELK Biotech |
50ul |
EUR 207 |
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against c-Myc from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, WB, ELISA |
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
ES6308-100ul |
ELK Biotech |
100ul |
EUR 279 |
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against c-Myc from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, WB, ELISA |
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
ES6308-50ul |
ELK Biotech |
50ul |
EUR 207 |
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against c-Myc from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, WB, ELISA |
Anti-c-Myc Antibody |
PA1555 |
BosterBio |
100ug/vial |
EUR 294 |
Anti-c-Myc Antibody |
PB9092 |
BosterBio |
100ug/vial |
EUR 334 |
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
ES2009-50ul |
ELK Biotech |
50ul |
EUR 207 |
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against c-Myc from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, WB, ELISA |
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
ES2011-100ul |
ELK Biotech |
100ul |
EUR 279 |
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against c-Myc from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, IF, WB, ELISA |
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
EA053-100ul |
ELK Biotech |
100ul |
EUR 279 |
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against c-Myc from Human. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC |
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
EA053-50ul |
ELK Biotech |
50ul |
EUR 207 |
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against c-Myc from Human. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC |
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
ES2009-100ul |
ELK Biotech |
100ul |
EUR 279 |
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against c-Myc from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, WB, ELISA |
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
ES2010-100ul |
ELK Biotech |
100ul |
EUR 279 |
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against c-Myc from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, IF, WB, ELISA |
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
ES2010-50ul |
ELK Biotech |
50ul |
EUR 207 |
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against c-Myc from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, IF, WB, ELISA |
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
ES2011-50ul |
ELK Biotech |
50ul |
EUR 207 |
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against c-Myc from Human/Mouse/Rat. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA, IHC, IF, WB, ELISA |
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
ES1182-100ul |
ELK Biotech |
100ul |
EUR 279 |
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against c-Myc from Human. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA |
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
ES1182-50ul |
ELK Biotech |
50ul |
EUR 207 |
Description: A Rabbit Polyclonal antibody against c-Myc from Human. This antibody is tested and validated for WB, ELISA |
Anti-c-Myc antibody |
STJ119460 |
St John's Laboratory |
100 µl |
EUR 277 |
Description: The protein encoded by this gene is a multifunctional, nuclear phosphoprotein that plays a role in cell cycle progression, apoptosis and cellular transformation. It functions as a transcription factor that regulates transcription of specific target genes. Mutations, overexpression, rearrangement and translocation of this gene have been associated with a variety of hematopoietic tumors, leukemias and lymphomas, including Burkitt lymphoma. There is evidence to show that alternative translation initiations from an upstream, in-frame non-AUG (CUG) and a downstream AUG start site result in the production of two isoforms with distinct N-termini. The synthesis of non-AUG initiated protein is suppressed in Burkitt's lymphomas, suggesting its importance in the normal function of this gene. |
Polyclonal C-Myc Antibody |
APR00240G |
Leading Biology |
0.1mg |
EUR 484 |
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human C-Myc . This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications: |
c-Myc Tag Antibody |
35536-100ul |
SAB |
100ul |
EUR 252 |
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
ABP51010-003ml |
Abbkine |
0.03ml |
EUR 158 |
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of c-Myc from Human, Mouse, Rat. This c-Myc antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human c-Myc around the non-phosphorylation site of T358 |
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
ABP51010-01ml |
Abbkine |
0.1ml |
EUR 289 |
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of c-Myc from Human, Mouse, Rat. This c-Myc antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human c-Myc around the non-phosphorylation site of T358 |
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
ABP51010-02ml |
Abbkine |
0.2ml |
EUR 414 |
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of c-Myc from Human, Mouse, Rat. This c-Myc antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human c-Myc around the non-phosphorylation site of T358 |
c-Myc Polyclonal Antibody |
ABP51011-003ml |
Abbkine |
0.03ml |
EUR 158 |
|
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of c-Myc from Human, Mouse, Rat. This c-Myc antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human c-Myc at AA range: 360-440 |