TNF alpha(TNF655) , CF405S conjugate , 0.1mg / mL

This MAb recognizes human 17-26 kDa protein , which is identified as cytokine TNF-alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha). TNF-alpha can be expressed as a 17 kDa free molecule , or as a 26 kDa membrane protein. TNF-alpha is a protein secreted by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages , and causes tumor necrosis when injected into tumor bearing mice. TNF alpha is believed to mediate pathogenic shock and tissue injury associated with endotoxemia. TNF alpha exists as a multimer of two , three , or five non-covalently linked units , but shows a single 17 kDa band following SDS PAGE under non-reducing conditions. TNF alpha is closely related to the 25 kDa protein Tumor Necrosis Factor beta (lymphotoxin) , sharing the same receptors and cellular actions. TNF alpha causes cytolysis of certain transformed cells , being synergistic with interferon gamma in its cytotoxicity. Although it has little effect on many cultured normal human cells , TNF alpha appears to be directly toxic to vascular endothelial cells. Other actions of TNF alpha include stimulating growth of human fibroblasts and other cell lines , activating polymorphonuclear neutrophils and osteoclasts , and induction of interleukin 1 , prostaglandin E2 and collagenase production. TNF alpha is currently being evaluated in treatment of certain cancers and AIDS Related Complex.Primary antibodies are available purified , or with a selection of fluorescent CF® Dyes and other labels. CF® Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF®405S and CF®405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets , because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.